
  USB Digitlis fnykpezgp HOGYAN


      Dave Kelly

daveekelly@earthlink.net

2002 prilis

*Verzitrtnet*
Verzi 2.0 2002.06.02 tdolgozta: tab
Docbook XML 4.1.2 formtumra konvertlva
Verzi 1.0 2002.04.13 tdolgozta: dek
Els kiads

------------------------------------------------------------------------

*Tartalom*
1. Licensz <#AEN23>

    1.1. Szerzi jog <#AEN25>
    1.2. Magyar fordts <#AEN30>
    1.3. Cl <#AEN37>
    1.4. A kszlkek kre <#AEN40>
    1.5. Szakirodalom <#AEN83>

        1.5.1. kziknyv oldalak <#AEN86>
        1.5.2. HOGYANok <#AEN122>
        1.5.3. Honlapok <#AEN139>

2. Elfelttelek <#AEN148>
3. Elkszts <#AEN168>
4. A szkriptek <#AEN183>

    4.1. Ha egyszer felhasznlknt jelentkezel be <#AEN187>
    4.2. Ha superuserknt jelentkezel be <#AEN191>
    4.3. Futtathatv ttel <#executable>
    4.4. Mi trtnik mialatt a szkript fut? <#AEN204>

5. Tesztels s finomhangols <#AEN232>

    5.1. NE ESS KTSGBE! <#AEN246>

6. Hibaelhrts vagy a KTSGBEESS! <#AEN256>
7. Utols simtsok <#AEN289>
A. A Mellklet <#appendix_a>

    A.1. 1. RSZ <#part_1>
    A.2. 2. RSZ <#part_2>

B. B Mellklet <#appendix_b>
C. C Mellklet <#appendix_c>
D. Gnu Free Documentation License <#gfdl>

    D.1. PREAMBLE <#gfdl-0>
    D.2. APPLICABILITY AND DEFINITIONS <#gfdl-1>
    D.3. VERBATIM COPYING <#gfdl-2>
    D.4. COPYING IN QUANTITY <#gfdl-3>
    D.5. MODIFICATIONS <#gfdl-4>
    D.6. COMBINING DOCUMENTS <#gfdl-5>
    D.7. COLLECTIONS OF DOCUMENTS <#gfdl-6>
    D.8. AGGREGATION WITH INDEPENDENT WORKS <#gfdl-7>
    D.9. TRANSLATION <#gfdl-8>
    D.10. TERMINATION <#gfdl-9>
    D.11. FUTURE REVISIONS OF THIS LICENSE <#gfdl-10>
    D.12. How to use this License for your documents <#gfdl-11>

------------------------------------------------------------------------


  Fejezet 1. Licensz


    1.1. Szerzi jog

Copyright 2001 Dave Kelly, et al.

Brki szmra megengedett a jelen dokumentum msolsa, terjesztse
illetve mdostsa a Szabad Szoftver Alaptvny ltal kiadott GNU Szabad
Dokumentcis licensz v1.1 vagy brmely ksbbi verzijnak felttelei
szerint; a nem vltoztathat szakaszok, a cmlap- vagy htlapszveg
figyelmen kvl hagysa nlkl. A licenc msolata megtallhat a D
Fggelk <#gfdl> -ben. (angol nyelven - a ford.):

------------------------------------------------------------------------


    1.2. Magyar fordts

A magyar fordtst Horvth Albert <mailto:horvalb@freemail.hu_NO_SPAM>
ksztette (2002.09.26). A lektorlst Varga Zsolt
<mailto:tech.translation@axelero.hu_NO_SPAM> vgezte el (2002.11.05).
Brmilyen fordtssal kapcsolatos szrevtelt a linuxhowto@sch.bme.hu
<mailto:linuxhowto@sch.bme.hu_NO_SPAM> cmre kldjetek. A dokumentum
legfrissebb vltozata megtallhat a Magyar Linux Dokumentcis Projekt
<http://tldp.fsf.hu/index.html> honlapjn.

------------------------------------------------------------------------


    1.3. Cl

Ez a HOGYAN azoknak az j Linux felhasznlknak szl, akiknek mr van
egy USB-vel (univerzlis soros busszal) elltott digitlis
fnykpezgpk, illetve azoknak, akik ilyet szndkoznak beszerezni. Ha
olyan lennl mint n, akkor te is kapnl valakitl szletsnapodra egy
ilyet berendezst, te pedig egyszeren nem tudnd visszaadni neki,
nehogy megrtsd az rzseit. Szval beleveted magad a Linux lersokba
s munkra brod a gped. Nincs semmi, amit ne tudnnk megcsinlni,
nincsenek buta krdsek csak informci, amire szksgnk van.

------------------------------------------------------------------------


    1.4. A kszlkek kre

Ez az eljrs Linux kernel 2.4.8 verzijval mkdik egytt. n egy Sony
P-50 Cybershot-tal teszteltem, 4 MB-os illetve 64 MB-os memory stick
memriakrtyval, valamint egy Olympus digitlis gp szmra kszlt USB
csatolfellet smart card olvasval. Olvastam, hogy ez az eljrs
egszen a 2.2.19-es kernel verziig visszamenleg mkdik, de erre nincs
garancia. Biztosan tudom, hogy az eljrs nem mkdik a rgi 2.2.15.-s
kernel verzimon.

Ebben a dokumentumban tallhat informcik azt rjk le, hogyan
oldottam meg n a sajt problmimat. Ms mdszer is ltezik, de az a
kernel jrafordtst teheti szksgess, amit n nem szerettem volna
megcsinlni. Ez a dokumentum megadja szmodra az ahhoz szksges
informcikat, hogy az USB-s adathordoz aktv legyen az indts utn.

A Linux egy fejld s gyes technolgia, s ha netn ez a dokumentum
nem adna vlaszt valamely klnleges krdsedre, minden bizonnyal egy
olyan kiindulpontot ad, amin alapulva el tudod kezdeni a vlasz
keresst. Ezen kvl arra is kpess tesz, hogy j dolgokat fedezz fel
a keress sorn.

A kvetkez kivonat a "gphoto2 README"-bl szrmazik, amely egy kis
ttekintst adhat, hogy milyen ms fnykpezgpek mkdnek mg egytt
ezzel az eljrssal. Nem tudom, hogy kinek mondjak ksznetet ezrt,
mivel egyetlen nevet sem talltam. Nzd meg a "gphoto" hivatkozst a
friss informcikrt: http://www.gphoto.org

    Vannak olyan gpek, melyek az .n. USB Mass Storage (USB nagy
    kapacits tr) protokollt hasznljk. Ez egy olyan nylt protokoll,
    mely elrhetv tesz brmilyen troleszkzt, legyen az digitlis
    kamera, vagy egy lemez, amely USB felleten csatlakozik a
    szmtgpedhez. Mivel mr lteznek az ehhez szksges
    meghajtprogramok, nem szksges hozz tovbbi szoftver, mint
    pldul a gphoto2.

    Jelen pillanatban a kvetkez digitlis fnykpezgpek tmogatjk a
    Mass Storage protokollt:

        *

          Casio QV [2x00,3x00,8000]

        *

          Fuji FinePix S1 Pro, [1400,2400,4700]Zoom, 1300, 4500

        *

          HP PhotoSmart 315, 618, 912

        *

          Leica Digilux 4.3

        *

          Konica KD300Z

        *

          Kyocera Finecam s3

        *

          Minolta Dimage 7

        *

          Nikon Coolpix 995

        *

          Olympus C-100, C-200Z, C-700, C-860L, C-2040, C-3020Z,
          C-3040Z, C-4040Zoom, D-510, E-10

        *

          Pentax Optio 330

        *

          Sony DSC-F505(V), DSC P5, DSC-F707

    Ismtlem, ezek a gpek nem mkdnek a gphoto2 alatt.

    Ms gpek az .n. PTP protokollt, vagy az USB Imaging Devices
    eljrst tmogatjk, melyet a Kodak s msok fejlesztettek ki. A
    gphoto2 mg nem tmogatja a PTP-t, a jPhoto
    <http://jphoto.sourceforge.net> viszont igen. me egy rvid lista
    azokrl a gpekrl, melyek tmogatjk ezt a protokollt:

        *

          Kodak DC-4800, DX-3215, DX-3500, DX-3600, DX-3700, DX-3900,
          MC3 s azok a fnykpezgpek, amik a Kodak Easy Share?
          rendszert tmogatjk.

        *

          Sony DSC-P5, DSC-F707 (mindkt kszlk esetn a
          felhasznlnak kell megfelelen konfigurlni a fnykpezgpet)

    Ezek a gpek nem tmogatottak, amg a gphoto2 meg nem valstja PTP
    protokollt.

------------------------------------------------------------------------


    1.5. Szakirodalom

Mindenkit bztatok, hogy olvassa el a kvetkez lersokat s
HOGYANokat. A bennk tallhat informcik biztosan segteni fognak.

------------------------------------------------------------------------


      1.5.1. kziknyv oldalak

    *

      *lsmod*

    *

      *modprobe*

    *

      *mount*

    *

      *mv*

    *

      *su*

    *

      *fstab*

    *

      *mtab*

    *

      *dir*

    *

      *install*

    *

      *mknod*

    *

      *chown*

------------------------------------------------------------------------


      1.5.2. HOGYANok

    *

      /Module-HOWTO/

    *

      /Bash-Prog-Intro-HOWTO/

    *

      /SCSI-2.4-HOWTO/

    *

      /Hardware-HOWTO/

Ma mr a legtbb disztribci tartalmazza az sszes HOGYANt. Ha a tid
nem, megtallhatod ket a http://www.tldp.org cmen.

------------------------------------------------------------------------


      1.5.3. Honlapok

    *

      http://www2.one-eyed-alien.net/~mdharm/Linux-usb/

    *

      http://www.Linux-usb.org/USB-guide/book1.html

------------------------------------------------------------------------


  Fejezet 2. Elfelttelek

A rendszerem egy Athlon 900-as, 40 Gb merevlemezzel. Sem SCSI, sem USB
eszkzm sincs. A kernelem SCSI s USB eszkzmeghajtk nlkl lett
fordtva. A SCSI s USB meghajtkat modulknt fordtottam. Mandrake
8.1.-et hasznlok, 2.4.8_26mdk kernel verzival. Mivel a kernel szintjn
dolgozunk, ez a dokumentum brmely disztribcira rvnyes kell, hogy
legyen.

A dokumentum rsa sorn a tovbbi felttelezsekkel is ltem:

    *

      Nincsen betltve vagy csatolva sem SCSI, sem USB modul.

    *

      Te vagy a rendszergazda s tudod a root jelszavt.

    *

      A gp sz brmilyen tpus digitlis fnykpezgpet,
      krtyaolvast ,vagy USB fellet nagy kapacits trat egyarnt
      jelenthet.

    *

      A "camera" /mnt/camera csatlakoztatsi pont nem egy eszkzt
      jelent, mint a fenti szvegkrnyezetben. Nzz bele a /mnt
      knytrba s minden bizonnyal ltni fogsz majd egy cdrom, disk,
      floppy s esetleg szmos ms eszkz nevet. Nlam szintn ezeket
      lthatod, valamint a "camera" knyvtrat is. Ezek knyvtrak, s
      ezek a csatlakoztatsi pontok .

    *

      A "[bash]$" jel a parancssori rtelmezt jelenti. Ha parancsot
      gpelsz be, ezt nem kell bernod. Ez az a hely, ahova a
      parancsokat begpeled, s amin keresztl a felhasznl adatokat
      szolgltat a szmtgpnek.

------------------------------------------------------------------------


  Fejezet 3. Elkszts

Ennl a pontnl nhny nhny dntst kell meghoznod. Ltre kell hoznod
egy csatlakoztatsi knyvtrat, s szksged lesz egy nvre is a
knyvtradhoz. n a "camera" knyvtrat hasznlom s a /mnt al hozom
ltre. A knyvtr neve (esetemben ez a camera) brmilyen ltalad
vlasztott sz lehet. A knyvtr ltrehozshoz a kvetkezt kell berni:


[bash]$ mkdir -m 777 /mnt/camera

Szeretem, ha a kpeim egy knyvtrban, illetve alknyvtrban
helyezkednek el, a kpek tmakrei szerint Ezrt ltrehoztam egy kepek
knyvtrat a home knyvtramban. A knyvtr neve (esetemben ez a kepek)
brmilyen ltalad vlasztott sz lehet. A knyvtr ltrehozsshoz a
kvetkezt kell berni:


[bash]$ mkdir -m 777 ~/kepek

Lsd A.1 <#part_1>-t a dokumentum vgn.

Jn a nagy dnts! Mindezt "egyszer felhasznlknt" vagy
"superuserknt/root"szeretnd vgrehajtani?

------------------------------------------------------------------------


  Fejezet 4. A szkriptek

A kvetkez szkript rengeteg Linuxos hrcsoport, sok HOGYAN s kziknyv
oldal olvassbl jtt ltre. Nem grem, hogy eredeti leszek, de
bevallom, hogy ez egy tirata annak, amit nlam sokkal tapasztaltabbak
mondtak nekem. Nagyon ksznm mindenkinek, akik vlaszoltak a
krdseimre a levelezlistn, valamint azoknak akik szintn rtak a
listra, ezeket az informcikat keresve .

Kezdjk el! Vlasszuk ki kedvenc szvegszerkesztnket, adjunk a
fjlunknak egy nevet, majd gpeljk be a kvetkez szkriptet, attl
fggen, hogy mezei felhasznlk, vagy superuserek vagyunk.

------------------------------------------------------------------------


    4.1. Ha egyszer felhasznlknt jelentkezel be

A kvetkez szkriptet rd be:


echo "Krem adja meg a kpek knyvtrnak nevt!"
read DIRPATH
mkdir ~/kepek/$DIRPATH
su -c "/sbin/modprobe usb-storage; mount -t vfat /dev/sda1 /mnt/camera;
/etc/rc.d/init.d/usb start;
mv /mnt/camera/dcim/100msdcf/*.jpg ~/kepek/$DIRPATH;
umount /mnt/camera;
chown -R a_te_bejelentkezesi_neved ~/kepek/$DIRPATH"

------------------------------------------------------------------------


    4.2. Ha superuserknt jelentkezel be

Ha nem kvnod superuserknt hasznlni ezt a szkriptet, lsd 4.3
<#executable>.

A kvetkez szkriptet rd be:


echo "Krem adja meg a kpek knyvtrnak nevt!"
read DIRPATH
mkdir kepek/$DIRPATH
/sbin/modprobe usb-storage
mount -t vfat /dev/sda1 /mnt/camera
/etc/rc.d/init.d/usb start
mv /mnt/camera/dcim/100msdcf/*.jpg kepek/$DIRPATH;
umount /mnt/camera
chown -R a_te_bejelentkezesi_neved kepek/$DIRPATH

------------------------------------------------------------------------


    4.3. Futtathatv ttel

Most tedd futtathat llomnny a szkriptet. Ehhez a kvetkez parancsra
lesz szksg:

Felhasznlknt:


[bash]$ su -c "chmod a=r+w+x szkript_file_nv"

Superuserknt:


[bash#] chmod a=r+w+x szkript_file_nv

------------------------------------------------------------------------


    4.4. Mi trtnik mialatt a szkript fut?

Amikor a szkriptet futtatod, a kp tmjnak megfelel knyvtrat hoz
ltre a rendszer. DIRPATH feladata, hogy a kpekrl egy lerst adjon,
melyet a prompt-nl kell begpelned. Ha a szkript_file_nv = getcamJ,(J
azt a clt szolglja, hogy a kpeket .jpg kiterjesztssel kapjuk meg) a
parancsok egyms utn a kvetkezk :


[bash]$ getcamJ
Krem adjon meg egy knyvtrat a kpei szmra!
bash]$ valami
Password: 
[bash]$ root jelszavad

Ha superuser mdban futtatod a szkriptet, akkor a kvetkez rszben
foglaltakra nincs szksged. Ahhoz, hogy a kvetkezket futtathasd,
superusernek kell lenni. Ennl fogva a 'su' parancsot kell hasznlnod. A
/-c/ jelz lehetv teszi, hogy vgrehajtsunk egy parancsot, majd
visszatrjnk a jelenlegi munkaknyvtrunkhoz. Az idzjel lehetsget
biztost, hogy egynl tbb parancsot hajtsunk vgre. A pontosvessz
pedig azt teszi lehetv, hogy egy parancsot kzvetlenl az utols
parancs utn hajthassunk vgre.

/sbin/modprobe usb-storage: *modprobe* telepteni fogja az USB mass
storage modult minden egyb szksges modullal s meghajtval egytt,
belertve az SCSI eszkzmeghajtt is. Gyzdj meg rla, hogy a /dev
knyvtr tartalmazza a kvetkez bejegyzseket. sda0, sda1, sda2, sda3,
sda4, sdb0, sdb1, sdb2, sdb3, sdb4. lltsd be az sda1-t a megfelel
eszkzhz, ha csatolva van ms SCSI eszkzd is, mint pl. sdb1.

Csatlakoztasd az SCSI eszkzt: *mount -t vfat /dev/sda1 /mnt/camera*

Indtsd el az USB-t: */etc/rc.d/init.d/usb start*

Tltsd t a kpeidet a kamerrl a merevlemezre. Az *mv* parancs le is
fogja trlni a kpeidet a fnykpezgprl : *mv
/mnt/camera/dcim/100msdcf/*.jpg kepek/$DIRPATH;*

Csatold le az SCSI eszkzt: *umount /mnt/camera*

Majd: *chown -R a_te bejelentkezsi_neved kepek/$DIRPATH*. Ha valamit
superuserknt (su) vagy gykrknt hajtasz vgre, akkor a gykr fogja
birtokolni azokat a fjlokat/kpeket. Ha valamilyen mveletet szeretnl
ezekkel a fjlokkal/kpekkel vgezni, permission denied hibazenetet
kaphatsz. A fenti utasts lehetv teszi, hogy a felhasznl ezen hibk
nlkl dolgozhasson. Tovbbi informcikhoz olvasd el a kziknyv oldalakat.

Rendszeremben sem az USB sem a SCSI nincs befordtva a kernelbe.
Mindezeket modulknt fordtottam. Ez a szkript azt felttelezi, hogy
neked is hasonl rendszered van. Ha nem, akkor nhny vltoztatsra lesz
szksged. Krlek olvasd el a kziknyv oldalakat s HOGYANokat. Vagy
tedd fel krdsedet egy Linuxszal foglalkoz levelezlistn.

------------------------------------------------------------------------


  Fejezet 5. Tesztels s finomhangols

Rendben, teleptettnk mindent, s kszen llunk egy kis
felfedeztrra. Kszts nhny klnbz formtum egyszer kpet. Az
n gpem 4 flt tud: TIFF, GIF, JPEG, s MPEG, valamint kszt minden
kprl egy elnzeti kpet is. A Sony P-50 tpus gpem 4 klnbz
alknyvtrban trolja ket: 100msdcf, imcif100, thm, s moml0001. Ezek 2
knyvtrban vannak, nv szerint dcim, s mssony. Ellenrizd, hogy a
gped hogyan nevezi el a knyvtrakat. Ezt a kvetkezkppen teheted meg:

    *

      Nevezd t a fenti szkriptet egy msik fjlnvre.

    *

      Szvegszerkesztd segtsgvel mdostsd a *mv
      /mnt/camera/dcim/100msdcf/*.jpg kepek/$DIRPATH* sort *mv
      /mnt/camera/* kepek/$DIRPATH* sorra

    *

      Indtsd el a szkriptet a kvetkezk szerint:


[bash]$ ./szkript_fjlnv

      (gyelj a pontra s a perjelre)

------------------------------------------------------------------------


    5.1. NE ESS KTSGBE!

/A MDOSTOTT SZKRIPT NHNY HIBAZENETTEL TRHET VISZZA ./ Egyelre
hagyd ket figyelmen kvl. Mieltt pnikba esnl, s azt mondand, hogy
nem mkdik, nzd meg, hogy egyltaln vannak-e kpeid. Ha igen, akkor
rd le a knyvtrneveket. Trj vissza a szvegszerkesztdhz s
helyettestsd be ket a dcim/100msdcf/*.jpg helyre a szkriptedben.
Kszthetsz tbb szkriptet is, melyek a klnbz fjlformtumokat kezelik.

Ekkor a merevlemezeden is hasonl knyvtraknak kell megjelennik lsd
A.2 <#part_2>. rd be a kvetkez parancsot, hogy meggyzdhess rla:


[bash]$ dir -R kepek_konyvtarad_neve

Ebben a dokumentumban tallhat informcik valamint a kziknyv oldalak
s HOGYANok segtsgvel a rendszerednek mkdnie kell.

Sok szerencst.

Dave

------------------------------------------------------------------------


  Fejezet 6. Hibaelhrts vagy a KTSGBEESS!

Ha semmi sem ment rendben, keressk meg a hibt. Nzd meg a gpedet, s
ellenrizd, hogy megvannak-e mg rajta a kpek. Ha igen, ne is olvasd
tovbb ezt a bekezdst. Ha nem, valahol csak lennik kell, ezrt
ellenrizd jra. Ha mgsincsenek, s nem talltad meg ket, akkor
kszts mg nhny fott. Kapcsold ki a gpedet, majd csatlakoztasd a
szmtgphez, s indtsd jra.

Ellenrizzk, hogy a /mnt/camera meg van-e, melyet az *mv* parancs
csatolt le. Ha nincs meg, hozd jra ltre. Elfordul, hogy a
csatlakoztatsi pont mskppen mdosul. Azt is megfigyeltem a
rendszeremen, hogy nha a /dev alatt tallhat SCSI eszkz (sda1)
eltnik. Ellenrizd ezt is, s szksg esetn ptold.

Trld ki az sszes sort a szriptedbl, melyek hibazenetet produkltak
, majd futtasd jra a szkriptet az j knyvtrnevekkel, s nzd meg,
hogy mkdik-e. Hogy knnyeben kitrlhesd a fjlokat s knyvtrakat,
lehet, hogy az su --t kell hasznlnod, ha user mdban vagy. Ha vgeztl
el, ne felejts visszallni a rgi felhasznlra. Lsd C Fggelk
<#appendix_c> a dokumentum vgn.

Gpeld be a kvetkezt:


[bash]$ dmesg

s a kvetkezket kell ltnod valahol:


hub.c: USB new device connect on bus1/1, assigned device number 2
usb.c: USB device 2 (vend/prod 0x54c/0x10) is not claimed by any active driver. (The 
0x54c/0x10 will be different for different vendors.)

Ha ezt ltod, akkor az USB nagy kapcits trolt felismerte a rendszer.

Most kapcsold be a fnykpezgpet, s futtasd le a szkriptet (a
mdostottat). Ennek eredmnyekppen valami hasonlt kell ltnod, miutn
jra futtatod a dmesg parancsot:


[bash]$ dmesg

SCSI subsystem driver Revision: 1.00
Initializing USB Mass Storage driver...
usb.c: registered new driver usb-storage
scsi0 : SCSI emulation for USB Mass Storage devices
Vendor: Sony Model: Sony DSC Rev: 3.22
Type: Direct-Access ANSI SCSI revision: 02
WARNING: USB Mass Storage data integrity not assured
USB Mass Storage device found at 2
USB Mass Storage support registered.
Attached scsi removable disk sda at scsi0, channel 0, id 0, lun 0
SCSI device sda: 126848 512-byte hdwr sectors (65 MB)
sda: Write Protect is off
/dev/scsi/host0/bus0/target0/lun0: p1
usb-uhci.c: interrupt, status 3, frame# 1628

Most indts el a kvetkez parancsot, majd olvassd el a B Fggelk
<#appendix_b>.


[bash]$ lsmod

Ha az *lsmod* parancs futtatsakor kapott informcik hasonlak mint a B
Fggelk <#appendix_b>,s a *dmesg* a fennt emltett informcikat
szolgltatja, s mg mindig nincsenek kpeid, akkor nem tudom hogy hol a
hiba. Sajnos az egyetlen amit tancsolni tudok, hogy, menj vgig az
egsz eljrson jra. Most azonban hasznld az tirnytst *>fjlnv*
az eredmnyek rgztshez. Majd kld el a kt levelezlista valamelyikre:

    *

      alt.OS.Linux.mandrake

    *

      comp.OS.Linux.hardware

mesld el, hogy mit csinltl eddig, s krj segtsget. Mindent rj
bele, amire csak gondolsz, mert minl tbb informcijuk van annl jobb,
s ugyenekkor rj nekem is egy e-mailt. Cmem: daveekelly@earthlink.net
<mailto:daveekelly@earthlink.net>.

------------------------------------------------------------------------


  Fejezet 7. Utols simtsok

Miutn minden mkdik, s gy mkdik, ahogyan azt te szeretnd, ha
akarod, megteheted mg a kvetkezket is. Mint emltettem ez nem
ktelez. A vgrehajthat szkriptet futtathatod tovbbra is abban a
knyvtrban, ahol megrtad, a pont perjel opcival (./) vagy
teleptheted a futtathat alkalmazsokat tartalmaz knyvtrak egyikbe.
n a /usr/sbin knyvtrat javaslom. Ehhez a kvetkez parancsot kell
vgrehajtani:


[bash]$ install file_nv /usr/sbin

------------------------------------------------------------------------


  Fggelk A. A Mellklet


    A.1. 1. RSZ

A kpeimet a kvetkezkppen rendeztem el. Egy elsdleges knyvtr
kepek, s egy alknyvtr, mely a tartalmt rja le smkbot.


kepek/smkbot:
dsc00117.jpg dsc00120.jpg dsc00123.jpg dsc00126.jpg dsc00129.jpg 
dsc00118.jpg dsc00121.jpg dsc00124.jpg dsc00127.jpg dsc00130.jpg 
dsc00119.jpg dsc00122.jpg dsc00125.jpg dsc00128.jpg dsc00131.jpg

------------------------------------------------------------------------


    A.2. 2. RSZ

A szkript mdostott verzijval a kpeid tbb klnbz alknyvtrban
lesznek sztszrva. De jelen pillanatban, ppen ez az, amit szerettnk
volna elrni.


kepek/trash:
camera

kepek/trash/camera:
dcim mssony

kepek/trash/camera/dcim:
100msdcf

kepek/trash/camera/dcim/100msdcf:
dsc00357.jpg dsc00360.jpg dsc00363.jpg txt00365.gif
dsc00358.jpg dsc00361.jpg dsc00364.jpg txt00365.thm
dsc00359.jpg dsc00362.jpg dsc00366.jpg

kepek/trash/camera/mssony:
imcif100

kepek/trash/camera/mssony/imcif100:
dsc00364.jpg dsc00366.tif

------------------------------------------------------------------------


  Fggelk B. B Mellklet

Amit itt ltni szeretnnk, az az usb-storage sz a Used by oszlop alatt :


Module       Size      Used by
nls_iso8859-12880  0   (autoclean)
nls_cp437 4400  0   (autoclean)
sd_mod11792  0   (autoclean)
vfat 9968  0   (autoclean)
fat 32192  0  (autoclean) [vfat]
usb-storage 52528 0
scsi_mod 91072 2 [sd_mod usb-storage]
ppp_deflate 42208 0  (autoclean)
bsd_comp  4576  0  (autoclean)
ppp_async 6672  0  (autoclean)
ppp_generic 19616  0  (autoclean) [ppp_deflate bsd_comp ppp_async]
slhc 5136  0  (autoclean) [ppp_generic]
parport_pc  20240 1  (autoclean)
lp 5808  0  (autoclean)
parport  24768  1 (autoclean) [parport_pc lp]
es1371 26768  1
soundcore 4208  4 [es1371]
ac97_codec  9312  0  [es1371]
gameport  1856  0  [es1371]
af_packet  12560  0 (autoclean)
ip_vs 62000  0  (autoclean)
usb-uhci  21232  0  (unused)
usbcore  50752  1 [usb-storage usb-uhci]
rtc 5600  0  (autoclean)

------------------------------------------------------------------------


  Fggelk C. C Mellklet

Mikor elrkezel oda, hogy letrld ezeket a teszt knyvtrakat, a
kvetkez parancsot hasznld: /LGY NAGYON NAGYON VATOS/:


[bash]$ rm -Rf kepek/teszt_knyvtr

A vzzel egytt kintheted a gyereket is a kdbl, a teszt_knyvtr -nak
ugyanannak kell lennie, mint amit a $DIRPATH -nak bertl a
szkriptedben. (Nem kerl semmibe egy kezd szmra, ha elszr valahol
mshol ltrehoz egy knyvtr struktrt, tmsolja a kpeket ide, s
kiprblja a fenti parancsot, mieltt olyan helyen hajtan vgre, ahol
helyrellthatatlan krokat okoz). Ismtlem, olvasd el a kziknyv
oldalakat.

------------------------------------------------------------------------


  Fggelk D. Gnu Free Documentation License

Version 1.1, March 2000

    Copyright (C) 2000 Free Software Foundation, Inc. 59 Temple Place,
    Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA Everyone is permitted to copy
    and distribute verbatim copies of this license document, but
    changing it is not allowed.

------------------------------------------------------------------------


    D.1. PREAMBLE

The purpose of this License is to make a manual, textbook, or other
written document "free" in the sense of freedom: to assure everyone the
effective freedom to copy and redistribute it, with or without modifying
it, either commercially or noncommercially. Secondarily, this License
preserves for the author and publisher a way to get credit for their
work, while not being considered responsible for modifications made by
others.

This License is a kind of "copyleft", which means that derivative works
of the document must themselves be free in the same sense. It
complements the GNU General Public License, which is a copyleft license
designed for free software.

We have designed this License in order to use it for manuals for free
software, because free software needs free documentation: a free program
should come with manuals providing the same freedoms that the software
does. But this License is not limited to software manuals; it can be
used for any textual work, regardless of subject matter or whether it is
published as a printed book. We recommend this License principally for
works whose purpose is instruction or reference.

------------------------------------------------------------------------


    D.2. APPLICABILITY AND DEFINITIONS

This License applies to any manual or other work that contains a notice
placed by the copyright holder saying it can be distributed under the
terms of this License. The "Document", below, refers to any such manual
or work. Any member of the public is a licensee, and is addressed as "you".

A "Modified Version" of the Document means any work containing the
Document or a portion of it, either copied verbatim, or with
modifications and/or translated into another language.

A "Secondary Section" is a named appendix or a front-matter section of
the Document that deals exclusively with the relationship of the
publishers or authors of the Document to the Document's overall subject
(or to related matters) and contains nothing that could fall directly
within that overall subject. (For example, if the Document is in part a
textbook of mathematics, a Secondary Section may not explain any
mathematics.) The relationship could be a matter of historical
connection with the subject or with related matters, or of legal,
commercial, philosophical, ethical or political position regarding them.

The "Invariant Sections" are certain Secondary Sections whose titles are
designated, as being those of Invariant Sections, in the notice that
says that the Document is released under this License.

The "Cover Texts" are certain short passages of text that are listed, as
Front-Cover Texts or Back-Cover Texts, in the notice that says that the
Document is released under this License.

A "Transparent" copy of the Document means a machine-readable copy,
represented in a format whose specification is available to the general
public, whose contents can be viewed and edited directly and
straightforwardly with generic text editors or (for images composed of
pixels) generic paint programs or (for drawings) some widely available
drawing editor, and that is suitable for input to text formatters or for
automatic translation to a variety of formats suitable for input to text
formatters. A copy made in an otherwise Transparent file format whose
markup has been designed to thwart or discourage subsequent modification
by readers is not Transparent. A copy that is not "Transparent" is
called "Opaque".

Examples of suitable formats for Transparent copies include plain ASCII
without markup, Texinfo input format, LaTeX input format, SGML or XML
using a publicly available DTD, and standard-conforming simple HTML
designed for human modification. Opaque formats include PostScript, PDF,
proprietary formats that can be read and edited only by proprietary word
processors, SGML or XML for which the DTD and/or processing tools are
not generally available, and the machine-generated HTML produced by some
word processors for output purposes only.

The "Title Page" means, for a printed book, the title page itself, plus
such following pages as are needed to hold, legibly, the material this
License requires to appear in the title page. For works in formats which
do not have any title page as such, "Title Page" means the text near the
most prominent appearance of the work's title, preceding the beginning
of the body of the text.

------------------------------------------------------------------------


    D.3. VERBATIM COPYING

You may copy and distribute the Document in any medium, either
commercially or noncommercially, provided that this License, the
copyright notices, and the license notice saying this License applies to
the Document are reproduced in all copies, and that you add no other
conditions whatsoever to those of this License. You may not use
technical measures to obstruct or control the reading or further copying
of the copies you make or distribute. However, you may accept
compensation in exchange for copies. If you distribute a large enough
number of copies you must also follow the conditions in section 3.

You may also lend copies, under the same conditions stated above, and
you may publicly display copies.

------------------------------------------------------------------------


    D.4. COPYING IN QUANTITY

If you publish printed copies of the Document numbering more than 100,
and the Document's license notice requires Cover Texts, you must enclose
the copies in covers that carry, clearly and legibly, all these Cover
Texts: Front-Cover Texts on the front cover, and Back-Cover Texts on the
back cover. Both covers must also clearly and legibly identify you as
the publisher of these copies. The front cover must present the full
title with all words of the title equally prominent and visible. You may
add other material on the covers in addition. Copying with changes
limited to the covers, as long as they preserve the title of the
Document and satisfy these conditions, can be treated as verbatim
copying in other respects.

If the required texts for either cover are too voluminous to fit
legibly, you should put the first ones listed (as many as fit
reasonably) on the actual cover, and continue the rest onto adjacent pages.

If you publish or distribute Opaque copies of the Document numbering
more than 100, you must either include a machine-readable Transparent
copy along with each Opaque copy, or state in or with each Opaque copy a
publicly-accessible computer-network location containing a complete
Transparent copy of the Document, free of added material, which the
general network-using public has access to download anonymously at no
charge using public-standard network protocols. If you use the latter
option, you must take reasonably prudent steps, when you begin
distribution of Opaque copies in quantity, to ensure that this
Transparent copy will remain thus accessible at the stated location
until at least one year after the last time you distribute an Opaque
copy (directly or through your agents or retailers) of that edition to
the public.

It is requested, but not required, that you contact the authors of the
Document well before redistributing any large number of copies, to give
them a chance to provide you with an updated version of the Document.

------------------------------------------------------------------------


    D.5. MODIFICATIONS

You may copy and distribute a Modified Version of the Document under the
conditions of sections 2 and 3 above, provided that you release the
Modified Version under precisely this License, with the Modified Version
filling the role of the Document, thus licensing distribution and
modification of the Modified Version to whoever possesses a copy of it.
In addition, you must do these things in the Modified Version:

   1.

      Use in the Title Page (and on the covers, if any) a title distinct
      from that of the Document, and from those of previous versions
      (which should, if there were any, be listed in the History section
      of the Document). You may use the same title as a previous version
      if the original publisher of that version gives permission.

   2.

      List on the Title Page, as authors, one or more persons or
      entities responsible for authorship of the modifications in the
      Modified Version, together with at least five of the principal
      authors of the Document (all of its principal authors, if it has
      less than five).

   3.

      State on the Title page the name of the publisher of the Modified
      Version, as the publisher.

   4.

      Preserve all the copyright notices of the Document.

   5.

      Add an appropriate copyright notice for your modifications
      adjacent to the other copyright notices.

   6.

      Include, immediately after the copyright notices, a license notice
      giving the public permission to use the Modified Version under the
      terms of this License, in the form shown in the Addendum below.

   7.

      Preserve in that license notice the full lists of Invariant
      Sections and required Cover Texts given in the Document's license
      notice.

   8.

      Include an unaltered copy of this License.

   9.

      Preserve the section entitled "History", and its title, and add to
      it an item stating at least the title, year, new authors, and
      publisher of the Modified Version as given on the Title Page. If
      there is no section entitled "History" in the Document, create one
      stating the title, year, authors, and publisher of the Document as
      given on its Title Page, then add an item describing the Modified
      Version as stated in the previous sentence.

  10.

      Preserve the network location, if any, given in the Document for
      public access to a Transparent copy of the Document, and likewise
      the network locations given in the Document for previous versions
      it was based on. These may be placed in the "History" section. You
      may omit a network location for a work that was published at least
      four years before the Document itself, or if the original
      publisher of the version it refers to gives permission.

  11.

      In any section entitled "Acknowledgements" or "Dedications",
      preserve the section's title, and preserve in the section all the
      substance and tone of each of the contributor acknowledgements
      and/or dedications given therein.

  12.

      Preserve all the Invariant Sections of the Document, unaltered in
      their text and in their titles. Section numbers or the equivalent
      are not considered part of the section titles.

  13.

      Delete any section entitled "Endorsements". Such a section may not
      be included in the Modified Version.

  14.

      Do not retitle any existing section as "Endorsements" or to
      conflict in title with any Invariant Section.

If the Modified Version includes new front-matter sections or appendices
that qualify as Secondary Sections and contain no material copied from
the Document, you may at your option designate some or all of these
sections as invariant. To do this, add their titles to the list of
Invariant Sections in the Modified Version's license notice. These
titles must be distinct from any other section titles.

You may add a section entitled "Endorsements", provided it contains
nothing but endorsements of your Modified Version by various
parties--for example, statements of peer review or that the text has
been approved by an organization as the authoritative definition of a
standard.

You may add a passage of up to five words as a Front-Cover Text, and a
passage of up to 25 words as a Back-Cover Text, to the end of the list
of Cover Texts in the Modified Version. Only one passage of Front-Cover
Text and one of Back-Cover Text may be added by (or through arrangements
made by) any one entity. If the Document already includes a cover text
for the same cover, previously added by you or by arrangement made by
the same entity you are acting on behalf of, you may not add another;
but you may replace the old one, on explicit permission from the
previous publisher that added the old one.

The author(s) and publisher(s) of the Document do not by this License
give permission to use their names for publicity for or to assert or
imply endorsement of any Modified Version.

------------------------------------------------------------------------


    D.6. COMBINING DOCUMENTS

You may combine the Document with other documents released under this
License, under the terms defined in section 4 above for modified
versions, provided that you include in the combination all of the
Invariant Sections of all of the original documents, unmodified, and
list them all as Invariant Sections of your combined work in its license
notice.

The combined work need only contain one copy of this License, and
multiple identical Invariant Sections may be replaced with a single
copy. If there are multiple Invariant Sections with the same name but
different contents, make the title of each such section unique by adding
at the end of it, in parentheses, the name of the original author or
publisher of that section if known, or else a unique number. Make the
same adjustment to the section titles in the list of Invariant Sections
in the license notice of the combined work.

In the combination, you must combine any sections entitled "History" in
the various original documents, forming one section entitled "History";
likewise combine any sections entitled "Acknowledgements", and any
sections entitled "Dedications". You must delete all sections entitled
"Endorsements."

------------------------------------------------------------------------


    D.7. COLLECTIONS OF DOCUMENTS

You may make a collection consisting of the Document and other documents
released under this License, and replace the individual copies of this
License in the various documents with a single copy that is included in
the collection, provided that you follow the rules of this License for
verbatim copying of each of the documents in all other respects.

You may extract a single document from such a collection, and distribute
it individually under this License, provided you insert a copy of this
License into the extracted document, and follow this License in all
other respects regarding verbatim copying of that document.

------------------------------------------------------------------------


    D.8. AGGREGATION WITH INDEPENDENT WORKS

A compilation of the Document or its derivatives with other separate and
independent documents or works, in or on a volume of a storage or
distribution medium, does not as a whole count as a Modified Version of
the Document, provided no compilation copyright is claimed for the
compilation. Such a compilation is called an "aggregate", and this
License does not apply to the other self-contained works thus compiled
with the Document, on account of their being thus compiled, if they are
not themselves derivative works of the Document.

If the Cover Text requirement of section 3 is applicable to these copies
of the Document, then if the Document is less than one quarter of the
entire aggregate, the Document's Cover Texts may be placed on covers
that surround only the Document within the aggregate. Otherwise they
must appear on covers around the whole aggregate.

------------------------------------------------------------------------


    D.9. TRANSLATION

Translation is considered a kind of modification, so you may distribute
translations of the Document under the terms of section 4. Replacing
Invariant Sections with translations requires special permission from
their copyright holders, but you may include translations of some or all
Invariant Sections in addition to the original versions of these
Invariant Sections. You may include a translation of this License
provided that you also include the original English version of this
License. In case of a disagreement between the translation and the
original English version of this License, the original English version
will prevail.

------------------------------------------------------------------------


    D.10. TERMINATION

You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the Document except
as expressly provided for under this License. Any other attempt to copy,
modify, sublicense or distribute the Document is void, and will
automatically terminate your rights under this License. However, parties
who have received copies, or rights, from you under this License will
not have their licenses terminated so long as such parties remain in
full compliance.

------------------------------------------------------------------------


    D.11. FUTURE REVISIONS OF THIS LICENSE

The Free Software Foundation may publish new, revised versions of the
GNU Free Documentation License from time to time. Such new versions will
be similar in spirit to the present version, but may differ in detail to
address new problems or concerns. See http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/.

Each version of the License is given a distinguishing version number. If
the Document specifies that a particular numbered version of this
License "or any later version" applies to it, you have the option of
following the terms and conditions either of that specified version or
of any later version that has been published (not as a draft) by the
Free Software Foundation. If the Document does not specify a version
number of this License, you may choose any version ever published (not
as a draft) by the Free Software Foundation.

------------------------------------------------------------------------


    D.12. How to use this License for your documents

To use this License in a document you have written, include a copy of
the License in the document and put the following copyright and license
notices just after the title page:

    Copyright (c) YEAR YOUR NAME. Permission is granted to copy,
    distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU
    Free Documentation License, Version 1.1 or any later version
    published by the Free Software Foundation; with the Invariant
    Sections being LIST THEIR TITLES, with the Front-Cover Texts being
    LIST, and with the Back-Cover Texts being LIST. A copy of the
    license is included in the section entitled "GNU Free Documentation
    License".

If you have no Invariant Sections, write "with no Invariant Sections"
instead of saying which ones are invariant. If you have no Front-Cover
Texts, write "no Front-Cover Texts" instead of "Front-Cover Texts being
LIST"; likewise for Back-Cover Texts.

If your document contains nontrivial examples of program code, we
recommend releasing these examples in parallel under your choice of free
software license, such as the GNU General Public License, to permit
their use in free software.

